{"id":809,"date":"2025-12-19T15:38:40","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T14:38:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/2025\/12\/19\/optimiser-lavenir-le-code-source-fortran-du-latin-american-world-model\/"},"modified":"2026-01-25T22:09:10","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T21:09:10","slug":"optimiser-lavenir-le-code-source-fortran-du-latin-american-world-model","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/optimiser-lavenir-le-code-source-fortran-du-latin-american-world-model\/","title":{"rendered":"OPTIMISER L&rsquo;AVENIR : le code source Fortran du Latin American World Model"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#BDA5CF\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb3_5,2_5&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb3_5&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _dynamic_attributes=\u00a0\u00bbcontent\u00a0\u00bb _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#000000&Prime; text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.1em\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime;]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90aXRsZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7ImJlZm9yZSI6IiIsImFmdGVyIjoiIiwiZW5hYmxlX2h0bWwiOiJvZmYifX0=@[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _dynamic_attributes=\u00a0\u00bbcontent\u00a0\u00bb _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9jYXRlZ29yaWVzIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJsaW5rX3RvX3Rlcm1fcGFnZSI6Im9uIiwic2VwYXJhdG9yIjoiIHwgIiwiY2F0ZWdvcnlfdHlwZSI6InByb2plY3RfY2F0ZWdvcnkiLCJlbmFibGVfaHRtbCI6Im9mZiJ9fQ==@[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _dynamic_attributes=\u00a0\u00bbcontent\u00a0\u00bb _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF90YWdzIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsiYmVmb3JlIjoiIiwiYWZ0ZXIiOiIiLCJsaW5rX3RvX3Rlcm1fcGFnZSI6Im9uIiwic2VwYXJhdG9yIjoiIHwgIiwiY2F0ZWdvcnlfdHlwZSI6InByb2plY3RfdGFnIiwiZW5hYmxlX2h0bWwiOiJvZmYifX0=@[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_5&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Picto_SCE_4.png\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbPicto_SCE_4&Prime; align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#000000&Prime; background_image=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Planches_SoftwareHeritage_VF5.jpg\u00a0\u00bb parallax=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb59px||108px|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1976-mckelvey-ramsauer-_MiseryGrowth-1.jpg\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bb1976-mckelvey-ramsauer-_MiseryGrowth-1&Prime; module_class=\u00a0\u00bblegende2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#000000&Prime; global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_2,1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px|||||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text module_class=\u00a0\u00bblegende\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb20px\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#000000&Prime; min_height=\u00a0\u00bb25.8px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px|10px|6px|10px|true|true\u00a0\u00bb custom_css_free_form=\u00a0\u00bb.legende   {||   ||  &#8211;p: 12px; \/* taille du carr\u00e9 mang\u00e9 *\/||||  padding: calc(2rem + var(&#8211;p));||  width: 320px;||  font-family: monospace;||||  clip-path: polygon(||    \/* haut gauche *\/||    0 0,||    calc(100% &#8211; var(&#8211;p)) 0,||    calc(100% &#8211; var(&#8211;p)) var(&#8211;p),||    100% var(&#8211;p),||    100% 100%,||    var(&#8211;p) 100%,||    var(&#8211;p) calc(100% &#8211; var(&#8211;p)),||    0 calc(100% &#8211; var(&#8211;p))||  );||}\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]Une fonction d\u2019un programme Fortran publi. en 1976 par la Fondation Bariloche pour mettre en oeuvre le Latin America World Model (LAWM), une alternative au c.l.bre mod.le World3 du MIT.H. Scolnik, L. Talavera, I. Loiseau, M. Camuyrang, J. Perrez Iturrioz, E. Rocchi, C. Ruiz, Printed code sheet, 1976 [\u00a9 Hugo Scolnik].<br \/>H. Scolnik, L. Talavera, I. Loiseau, M. Camuyrang, J. Perrez Iturrioz, E. Rocchi,<br \/>C. Ruiz, Printed code sheet, 1976 [\u02dd Hugo Scolnik].[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#BDA5CF\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h1><strong>\u00c0 propos du code<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>M\u00eame aux d\u00e9buts de l\u2019informatique, l\u2019id\u00e9e que le monde pouvait \u00eatre compris comme un syst\u00e8me simulable par des ordinateurs \u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 populaire. Les premi\u00e8res simulations num\u00e9riques promettaient de comprendre et de pr\u00e9voir les tendances plan\u00e9taires, agissant comme des dispositifs d\u2019alerte, sans toutefois proposer de moyens d\u2019influencer les futurs pr\u00e9dits.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le LAWM (<em>Latin America World Model<\/em>), d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par une \u00e9quipe multidisciplinaire autour du g\u00e9ologue argentin Am\u00edlcar Herrera, encourageait une communaut\u00e9 mondiale naissante de mod\u00e9lisateurs \u00e0 se tourner vers la recherche de solutions plut\u00f4t que vers la seule identification de risques. En se concentrant sur les besoins fondamentaux \u2013 logement, \u00e9ducation, apport prot\u00e9ique \u2013, le mod\u00e8le indiquait une voie vers une allocation optimale du travail et du capital afin d\u2019assurer l\u2019esp\u00e9rance de vie la plus longue possible. Il montrait qu\u2019une catastrophe plan\u00e9taire n\u2019\u00e9tait pas imminente et que, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019optimisation et \u00e0 la planification, les r\u00e9gions les moins riches pouvaient atteindre un niveau de vie comparable \u00e0 celui des pays am\u00e9ricains ou europ\u00e9ens.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le code pr\u00e9sente un double int\u00e9r\u00eat : il illustre \u00e0 la fois la grammaire et le lexique de Fortran, l\u2019un des premiers langages de haut niveau les plus utilis\u00e9s, et d\u00e9montre que les programmes informatiques ne sont jamais neutres, mais incarnent des visions politiques particuli\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#9185BE\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_2,1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h1><strong>BIOGRAPHIE<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Fenwick McKelvey<\/strong> est professeur agr\u00e9g\u00e9 de politiques des technologies de l\u2019information et de la communication au Department of Communication Studies de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Concordia. Il dirige le projet \u00ab Agences de machines \u00bb au <em>Milieux Institute<\/em>. Ses recherches portent sur la politique et les enjeux num\u00e9riques.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Markus E. Ramsauer <\/strong>est doctorant en histoire des sciences \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Vienne. Ses travaux portent sur les origines des mod\u00e8les de simulation globale dans le contexte des pays du Sud.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb||||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb26px\u00a0\u00bb header_font=\u00a0\u00bbEscuela-regular||||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb27px\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#9185BE\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb79%\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb20px||20px|20px|true|false\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|100px|100px|100px|100px\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p><strong>#Fortran<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb||||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb26px\u00a0\u00bb header_font=\u00a0\u00bbEscuela-regular||||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb27px\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#9185BE\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb79%\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb20px||20px|20px|true|false\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|100px|100px|100px|100px\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p><strong>#Simulation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.27.5&Prime; _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb text_font=\u00a0\u00bb||||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb26px\u00a0\u00bb header_font=\u00a0\u00bbEscuela-regular||||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb27px\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#9185BE\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb79%\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb20px||20px|20px|true|false\u00a0\u00bb border_radii=\u00a0\u00bbon|100px|100px|100px|100px\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p><strong>#Politics<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une fonction d\u2019un programme Fortran publi. en 1976 par la Fondation Bariloche pour mettre en oeuvre le Latin America World Model (LAWM), une alternative au c.l.bre mod.le World3 du MIT.H. Scolnik, L. Talavera, I. Loiseau, M. Camuyrang, J. Perrez Iturrioz, E. Rocchi, C. Ruiz, Printed code sheet, 1976 [\u00a9 Hugo Scolnik].H. Scolnik, L. Talavera, I. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":808,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[105,107,106],"class_list":["post-809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-temoignage-historique","tag-langage-fortran","tag-politique","tag-simulation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=809"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1419,"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/809\/revisions\/1419"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sourcecode-exhibition.softwareheritage.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}